Uphuhliso lwemathiriyeli yoqoqosho olutsha

UPhando: Amathuba kunye nemiceli mngeni yokudibanisa uphuhliso lwezixhobo zepolymer ezizinzileyo kwisetyhula yamazwe ngamazwe (i-bio) imiqondo yezoqoqosho.Ikhredithi yomfanekiso: Lambert/Shutterstock.com
Uluntu lujongene nemingeni emininzi eyoyikisayo esongela umgangatho wobomi kwizizukulwana ezizayo.Ixesha elide lokuzinza kwezoqoqosho kunye nokusingqongileyo yinjongo iyonke yophuhliso oluzinzileyo.Ngokuhamba kwexesha, iintsika ezintathu ezinxulumene nophuhliso oluzinzileyo ziye zavela, ezizezi, uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho, uphuhliso lwentlalo kunye nokusingqongileyo. ukhuseleko;nangona kunjalo, “uzinzo” luhlala luyingcamango evulekileyo enokutolikwa okuninzi ngokuxhomekeke kumxholo.
Ukwenziwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kweepolymers zempahla kuye kwahlala kuyingxenye ebalulekileyo yophuhliso loluntu lwethu lwanamhlanje.Izixhobo ezisekelwe kwi-polymer ziya kuqhubeka zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufezekiseni iinjongo zoPhuhliso oluZinzileyo lweZizwe eziManyeneyo (SDGs) ngenxa yeempawu zabo ezinokuguqulelwa kunye nezininzi. imisebenzi.
Ukuzalisekisa uXanduva oloNgezelelweyo loMvelisi, ukurisayikilishwa kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweeplastiki zokusetyenziswa kunye kusetyenziswa amacebo ngaphandle kokuphinda kusetyenziswe ngokwesiko (ngokunyibilika kunye nokuphinda kukhutshwe), kunye nokuphuhlisa iiplastiki "ezizinzileyo", kuquka nokuvavanya impembelelo yazo kumjikelo wobomi, konke kuyindlela esebenzayo ukulungisa ingxaki yeplastiki.
Kulo cwaningo, ababhali baphanda indlela ukudibanisa ngabom kwiipropati / imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, ukusuka kulawulo lwenkunkuma ukuya kuyilo lwezinto eziphathekayo, kunokuphucula ukugcinwa kweeplastiki. umjikelo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kobutyebi obunokuhlaziywa ngokutsha kunye/okanye uyilo olunokonakala.
Ubunakho bezicwangciso ze-biotech ku-recycling ye-enzymatic yeeplastiki ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe kwi-bioeconomy yesetyhula kuxoxwa ngayo.Ukongezelela, ukusetyenziswa okunokwenzeka kweeplastiki ezizinzileyo kuxoxwa ngazo, ngenjongo yokufezekisa iiNjongo zoPhuhliso oluZinzileyo ngokusebenzisa intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe.Ukufezekisa ukuzinza kwehlabathi jikelele. , izixhobo ezisekelwe kwi-polymer ezisekelwe kubathengi kunye nezicelo ezinzima ziyafuneka.Ababhali baphinda baxoxe ngokubaluleka kokuqonda iibhloko zokwakha ezisekelwe kwi-biorefinery, i-chemistry eluhlaza, amanyathelo ajikelezayo e-bioeconomy, kunye nendlela ukudibanisa ubuchule obusebenzayo kunye nobukrelekrele kunokunceda ukwenza ezi zinto zibe ngaphezulu. zizinzileyo.
Ngaphakathi kwesakhelo semigaqo ye-chemistry eluhlaza (GCP), uqoqosho lwesetyhula (CE), kunye ne-bioeconomy, ababhali baxoxa ngeeplastiki ezizinzileyo, ezibandakanya i-bio-based, i-polymers ye-biodegradable, kunye neepolymers ezidibanisa zombini iipropati.ubunzima bophuhliso kunye nokudibanisa kunye nezicwangciso).
Njengezicwangciso zokuphucula ukuzinza kophando lwepolymer kunye nophuhliso, ababhali bavavanya uvavanyo lomjikelo wobomi, ukuzinza koyilo, kunye ne-biorefinery.Baphinda baphonononge ukusetyenziswa okunokwenzeka kwezi polymers ekufezekiseni ii-SDGs kunye nokubaluleka kokuhlanganisa ishishini, izifundiswa kunye norhulumente ukuze ukuqinisekisa ukuphunyezwa okusebenzayo kwezenzo ezizinzileyo kwisayensi yepolymer.
Kulo phando, ngokusekelwe kwiingxelo ezininzi, abaphandi baqaphela ukuba isayensi ezinzileyo kunye nezinto ezizinzileyo zixhamla kwiiteknoloji ezikhoyo kunye nezikhulayo, ezifana ne-digitization kunye nobukrelekrele bokufakelwa, kunye nezo zihlolwe ukujongana nemingeni ethile yokuchithwa kwezixhobo kunye nokungcola kweplastiki. .izicwangciso ezininzi.
Ngaphaya koko, izifundo ezininzi zibonise ukuba ukubona, ukuxela kwangaphambili, ukutsalwa kolwazi oluzenzekelayo kunye nokuchongwa kwedatha, unxibelelwano olusebenzisanayo, kunye nokuqiqa okunengqiqo zonke zizakhono zezi ntlobo ze-software-based technologies.Izakhono zabo, ngakumbi ekuhlalutyeni nasekukhupheni iiseti zedatha ezinkulu, nazo zazikhona. ichongiwe, nto leyo eya kuba negalelo ekuqondeni ngcono ubungakanani kunye noonobangela bentlekele yeplastiki yehlabathi jikelele, kwakunye nophuhliso lwezicwangciso eziliqili zokuhlangabezana nayo.
Kwesinye sezi zifundo, i-polyethylene terephthalate (PET) hydrolase ephuculweyo yabonwa ukuba i-depolymerize ubuncinane i-90% ye-PET kwi-monomer kwiiyure ze-10.Uhlalutyo lwe-meta-bibliometric ye-SDGs kwiincwadi zenzululwazi lubonisa ukuba abaphandi bahamba ngendlela efanelekileyo ngokubhekiselele kwintsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe, njengoko phantse i-37% yawo onke amanqaku ajongene ne-SDGs ipapasho lwamazwe ngamazwe.Ngaphezu koko, iindawo zophando eziqhelekileyo kwiindawo iseti yedatha zinzululwazi zobomi kunye ne-biomedicine.
Uphononongo lugqibe kwelokuba, iipolymers ezikhokelayo kufuneka ziqulathe iindidi ezimbini zemisebenzi: ezo zisuka ngqo kwiimfuno zesicelo (umzekelo, igesi ekhethiweyo kunye ne-permeation yolwelo, i-actuation, okanye intlawulo yombane) kunye nezo zinciphisa iingozi zokusingqongileyo, njengokwandisa ubomi bokusebenza, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezinto okanye ukuvumela ukubola okuqikelelweyo.
Ababhali babonisa ukuba ukusebenzisa iitekhnoloji eqhutywa yidatha ukusombulula iingxaki zehlabathi kufuna idatha eyaneleyo kwaye ingenamkhethe kuzo zonke iimbombo zehlabathi, iphinda igxininise ukubaluleka kwentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe. kunye neziseko zophuhliso, ngokunjalo nokuphepha ukuphinda-phindwa kophando kunye nokukhawulezisa inguqu.
Baphinde bagxininisa ukubaluleka kokuphucula ukufikelela kuphando lwezenzululwazi.Lo msebenzi ubonisa kwakhona ukuba xa kuqwalaselwa amanyathelo entsebenziswano ngamazwe ngamazwe, kubalulekile ukuthobela imithetho yentsebenziswano ezinzileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho mazwe okanye i-ecosystems echaphazelekayo.Ababhali bagxininisa ukuba kubalulekile. ukukhumbula ukuba sonke sinoxanduva lokukhusela iplanethi yethu ukwenzela izizukulwana ezizayo.